Lysosomal wrapping mechanism (LWM) during autophagy.

Ascorbic Acid Inhibits Lysosomal Autophagy

Ascorbic acid retards ferritin degradation in K562 erythroleukemia cells leading to an increase in the availability of cellular iron (Bridges, K. R., and Hoffman, K. E. (1986) J. Biol. Chern. 261,14273-14277). To explore the mechanism of this effect, the influence of ascorbate on subcellular ferritin distribution was examined. Cellular ferritin was pulse-labeled with “Fe for 2 h, after which th...

Autophagy in lysosomal storage disorders

Lysosomes are ubiquitous intracellular organelles that have an acidic internal pH, and play crucial roles in cellular clearance. Numerous functions depend on normal lysosomes, including the turnover of cellular constituents, cholesterol homeostasis, downregulation of surface receptors, inactivation of pathogenic organisms, repair of the plasma membrane and bone remodeling. Lysosomal storage dis...

Mechanism of Cargo Recognition During Selective Autophagy

The autophagy–lysosomal system in subarachnoid haemorrhage

The autophagy-lysosomal pathway is a self-catabolic process by which dysfunctional or unnecessary intracellular components are degraded by lysosomal enzymes. Proper function of this pathway is critical for maintaining cell homeostasis and survival. Subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) is one of the most devastating forms of stroke. Multiple pathogenic mechanisms, such as inflammation, apoptosis, and ...

Distinct autophagosomal-lysosomal fusion mechanism revealed by thapsigargin-induced autophagy arrest.

Autophagy, a catabolic pathway that delivers cellular components to lysosomes for degradation, can be activated by stressful conditions such as nutrient starvation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. We report that thapsigargin, an ER stressor widely used to induce autophagy, in fact blocks autophagy. Thapsigargin does not affect autophagosome formation but leads to accumulation of mature au...